Autism, also known as Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a developmental neurological condition that affects the way a person perceives and interacts with the world around them. This condition, which is usually identified in childhood, is characterized by challenges in the areas of social communication, repetitive behaviors and restricted interests.
While each person with autism is unique and may exhibit different degrees of functionality, there are some common characteristics.
Communication and Social Interaction Difficulties: People with autism may have problems developing and maintaining social relationships. This can manifest itself in many ways, including difficulty initiating or sustaining a conversation, not sharing interests or emotions with others, or difficulty understanding nonverbal social gestures.
Repetitive Behaviors and Restricted Interests: People with autism may also exhibit repetitive or ritualized behaviors and have restricted interests. These can range from rocking back and forth, flapping (repetitive hand or arm movement), to intense fixation on a specific topic.
Sensory Sensitivities: Many people with autism also have sensory sensitivities. This can involve being hypersensitive or insensitive to certain stimuli such as light, sound, touch, taste or smell.
The diagnosis of autism is based on the child's behavior and development, and is usually identified by doctors in early childhood, although some people may not be diagnosed until adulthood.
Treatment for autism usually involves a multidisciplinary approach that can include behavioral therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy, and in some cases, medication to treat associated symptoms such as anxiety or concentration difficulties.
While there is no cure for autism, many people with the condition can lead full, meaningful lives with the right support and interventions.
Matraquinha is an alternative communication app to help children and adolescents with autism to convey their desires, emotions and needs.
